استراتيجيات بناء السلام والعدالة الانتقالية كنموذج في دول ما بعد الصراع: راوندا دراسة حالة

List of Sources and References:

First / Books:

1. Abu Salem, Ayman Mustafa Abdel Qader (2015), War Crimes in Africa under International Criminal Law: A Special Study of the Cases of Sudan and Rwanda, Arab Bureau for Knowledge, Cairo.

2. Jumaa, Omar (2019), Peacebuilding in Conflict Societies: A Study of Local Response and Community Rehabilitation, Samarra, Dar Al-Hashemi.

3. Hamad, Fida Najib (2006), The International Criminal Court: Towards International Justice, Al-Halabi Legal Publications, Beirut.

4. Bassiouni, Mahmoud Sharif (2002), The International Criminal Court, Rose El-Youssef New Press, Cairo.

5. Serk, Lisa (2011), Peacebuilding Strategies: Is Peace Possible?, Dar Al-Thaqafa, Cairo.

6. Mahmoud, Rashdan Ali (2011), Mediation for Conflict Resolution: Between Theory and Practice, Amman, Dar Al-Yazouri. 7- Al-Jarjari, Walid Ahmed Suleiman, (2021), The Role of the United Nations in Establishing Democracy, Amman, Dar Al-Akademiyoun for Publishing and Distribution.

Second / Journals, Periodicals, and Studies:

1. Matar, Inas Abdul-Sada Ali and Muhammad Abdul-Ilah, (2018), Patterns of the Strategic Environment and Their Role in Determining Strategies for Dealing with Conflict and Peace Situations, Journal of Political Science, Issue 56, Baghdad.

2. Khraisan, Basim Ali, (2018), Peacebuilding: Studies in Peacebuilding Mechanisms in Iraq, Political Issues Journal, Baghdad, Issue (52).

3. Ahmed, Khaled Akab Hassoun and Salem Anwar, (2018), The Contemporary Concept of Peacebuilding within the Framework of International and Humanitarian Law, Tikrit Journal of Political Science, Issue 15.

4. Al-Khazendar, Sami Ibrahim, (2013), The Science of Conflict and Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution: Origins and Development, Jordanian Journal of Law and Political Science, Issue 1.

5. Da'im, Aziz Sam'an, (2019), The Culture of Community Peace: Obstacles and Enhancements from the Perspective of a Community Sample, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University Journal of Research, Deanship of Scientific Research and Graduate Studies, Issue 5.

6. Abdel Fattah, Abdel Kafi and Ismail, (2005), Encyclopedia of Countries, Nations, and Places, Alexandria, Alexandria Center for Books.

Third / Theses and Dissertations:

1. Al-Awfi, Aya Yousef Jabrina, (2011), Jurisdiction in Criminalizing Certain Acts: Between the Privileged Sphere of States and the Contemporary Trend Towards Globalization, Unpublished Master's Thesis, Department of Public International Law, Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi Ouzou, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Algeria.

2. Qadir, Ilal, (2012), The Relationship Between the Security Council and International Criminal Justice, Unpublished Master's Thesis, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi Ouzou, Algeria.

3. Lakmin, Khayra, (2018), The United Nations Strategy in Peacebuilding: Between the Ambitions of Texts and the Limitations of Implementation – Iraq 2003-2016 as a Case Study, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of 8 May 1945, Algeria. 4. Rahma, Qadir, (2016), International Humanitarian Intervention: A Case Study of the Rwandan Genocide - 1994, Unpublished Master's Thesis, National School of Political Science, Algeria.

4. Mrabet, Karim, (2001), The Issue of Minorities in Africa from the Perspective of International Law, Unpublished Master's Thesis, Institute of Law and Administrative Sciences.

Fourth / Internet:

1. Qahtan Hussein Taher, Restoring Peace in Areas Liberated from ISIS and Obstacles to Implementation, Al-Mustaqbal Center for Strategic Studies, May 7, 2015, available at: https://2u.pw/u9EAah (February 7, 2026)

2. Muhammad Abdul Rahman Muhammad Ghaith, The Role of the United Nations in Peacebuilding After the End of the Civil War: A Case Study of El Salvador 1992-1996, Arab Democratic Center for Strategic and Economic Studies, Berlin, 2029, available at: http://mcsr.net/news33 (January 8, 2026)

3. Hamdoush Riyad, The Evolution of the Concept of Peacebuilding: A Study in Theory and Approaches, Adl Center for Human Rights, March 9, 2029, available at: http://taizsages.org/ar/images/pdf/a7.pdf(February 2, 2026)

4. Muhammad Ghassan Al-Shaboot, Reconciliation Between the State and Society in Light of Transitional Justice Experiences African: Rwanda as a Model, Berlin, Arab Democratic Center, available at: democraticac.de (February 5, 2026)

5. Abdul Hussein Shaaban, Transitional Justice and the Memory of Victims, Civil Dialogue, January 26, 2008, available at: https://www.ahewar.org/debat/show.art.asp?aid=122262(February 8, 2026)