العقد الاجتماعي في العراق ما بعد عام 2003

List of References

Books

1. Ahmed Ra’ad Abdul-Kafi al-Rubaie, The Dilemma of the Rentier State – The Dominance of a Single Resource, Rafid Publishing and Distribution House, Lebanon, 2022.

2. Reframing the Social Contract in Iraq, United Nations Development Programme, translated and edited by the Bayan Center for Planning and Studies, 2022.

3. Ayman Ahmed Mohammed, Corruption and Accountability in Iraq, Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, Jordan & Iraq Office, Baghdad, 2013.

4. Bassam Youssef and Ark Davis, “Explaining Autocratic Rule in Iraq: Oil and Conflicts from a Historical, Social, and Political Perspective,” in Explaining the Democratic Deficit in the Arab World, Center for Arab Unity Studies, Beirut, December 2011.

5. Renad Mansour – Faleh Abdul-Jabar, The Popular Mobilization Forces and the Future of Iraq, Carnegie Middle East Center, Beirut, 2017.

6. Zaina Ali Ahmed, Reframing the Social Contract in Iraq, UNDP Iraq, 30 October 2021.

7. Sattar Jabbar Allawi – Khudr Abbas Atwan, Iraq: A Reading of the State’s Condition and Its Future Relations, Strategic Studies Series, Issue 116, Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research, Abu Dhabi, 2006.

8. Abdul-Mon’em al-Mashat, National Security and Human Security, Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Riyadh, 2010.

9. Ali al-Rubaie, Challenges of State-building in Iraq: Identity Struggles and the Sectarian Apportionment Dilemma, Center for Arab Unity Studies, Arab Future Books Series, Beirut, 2007.

10. Omar Saadi Saleem, The Fragile State and Its Implications for Regional and International Security: Yemen as a Case Study, Absar Publishers and Distributors, Jordan, 2023.

11. Mustafa al-Saray – Hiyam Ali al-Mahraj, Youth Employment Policies in Iraq: Societal Bribery or Practical Necessity?, Bayan Center for Planning and Studies Publications Series, 2023.

12. Mona Alami, What Future for the Popular Mobilization Forces in Iraq?, Studies 37, King Faisal Center for Research and Islamic Studies, Riyadh, June 2018.

13. Nabeel Khaled Mukhallaf, Electoral Abstention in Iraq: A Reading in Its Causes and Implications for Upcoming Elections, Bayan Center Publications, Research Department / Political Studies, Baghdad, 2025.

14. Wahban Ahmed, Political Underdevelopment and the Purposes of Political Development: A Modern Vision of the Political Reality in the Arab World, New University Publishing House, Alexandria, 2000.

Academic Journals

1. Ahmed Shaker Hammoud al-Subeihi, “Social and Economic Problems and the Building of the Civil State in Iraq after 2003,” Politics and International Journal, College of Political Science, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Issues 35-36, Baghdad, 2017.

2. Ahmed Abdullah Nahi, “The Iraqi Democratic Scene after the Change,” Political Issues Journal, Issue 12, College of Political Science, Al-Nahrain University, 2007.

3. As’ad Tarish Abdul-Ridha, “The Political Movement in Iraq and Its Impact on Development and Security,” Politics and International Journal, Center for International and Strategic Studies, University of Baghdad, Issue 53, 2022, p. 416.

4. As’ad Kazem Shibeeb & Maytham Ali Hussein, “The Crisis of Political Trust in Iraq after 2003,” Issue 68, Vol. 2, March 2023.

5. Iman Hammadi Rajab, “Peaceful Coexistence in Mosuli Society: A Sociopolitical Field Study,” Furahidi Journal for Arts, Tikrit University, Issue 38, 2019.

6. Burhan Ghalioun, “What Remains of the Social Contract State?”, Syrian Journal for Human Sciences, Issue 15, Qalamoun, April 2021.

7. Hassan Salman Khalifa al-Baydhani, “Controlling Tribal and Clan Weapons in Iraq: Motives – Methods – Future Outlook,” Hammurabi Journal, Hammurabi Center for Strategic Studies, Issue 35, 8th Year, Baghdad, Fall 2020.

8. Hassan Fares Abboud Tabra, “Assessing the Scale of Corruption in Iraqi Government Institutions from a Perceptual Perspective,” Integrity and Transparency Journal for Research and Studies, Issue 7, Baghdad, 2014.

9. Hanan Younis Hafidh, “The Reality of Poverty in Iraq… Challenges and Proposals,” Iraqi Journal for Economic Sciences, Issue 76, March 2023.

10. Rana Mouloud Shakir, “Social Contract Theory: An Analytical Vision,” International Studies Journal, University of Baghdad, Center for Strategic Studies, Issue 85, 2021.

11. Suhaila Abdul-Zahra al-Haj et al., “Economic Analysis of Unemployment and Its Impact on Human Security and Sustainable Human Development in Iraq,” Iraqi Journal for Economic Sciences, Issue 48, March 2025.

12. Susan Kareem al-Jubouri, “Financial and Administrative Corruption and Its Economic Consequences in Iraq,” Al-Ghary Journal for Economic and Administrative Sciences, College of Administration and Economics, University of Kufa, Year 7, Issue 21.

13. Saleh Lawrence et al., “Structural Imbalances and Their Impact on Sectoral Growth and Employment in the Iraqi Economy (2003-2020): An Analytical Study,” Academic Journal, Issue 45, 2015.

14. Abdul-Jabbar Ahmed Abdullah, “Elections and Democratic Transformation in Iraq,” Political Science Journal, College of Political Science, University of Baghdad, Issue 33, 2006.

15. Abeer Mohammed Jassim – Somayya Abdul-Zahra, “Economic Diversification in Iraq and Current Challenges,” Baghdad College for Economic Sciences Journal, Issue 57, 2019.

16. Abeer Mohammed Abd, “Towards a New Social Contract: The Political System in Iraq – Between Continuity and Permanence,” International Studies Journal, University of Baghdad, Issue 98.

17. Al-Afifa Salmi, “Public Policy and Political Corruption – A Theoretical Approach,” Journal of Legal and Political Sciences, University of Algiers, Issue 17, January 2018.

18. Ali al-Din Hilal, “Arab National Security: A Study of Its Foundations,” Arab Affairs Journal, Issue 35, 1984.

19. Aliya Ahmed Jassim, “Economic Reform and Its Role in Social Change: A Sociological Perspective on the Theory of Economy and Change,” Basic Education Journal for Educational and Human Sciences, University of Babylon, Issue 39, 2018.

20. Kazem Ali Mahdi, “Political Development and the Crises of the Political System in Iraq after 2003,” International Studies Journal, University of Baghdad, Issue 56, 2023.

21. Lamia Mohsen, “Administrative and Political Corruption in Iraq,” Political Studies Journal, Issue 14, Political Studies Department, Bayt al-Hikma, 2009.

22. Muthanna al-Ubaidi, “The Rise of Protests in Iraq: Causes and Implications,” International Politics Journal, Issue 219, Vol. 55, January 2020.

23. Maha Ali Abbadi Hannoun, “National Dialogue and Its Role in Strengthening the Pillars of State Power – Iraq as a Model,” Political Issues Journal, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Issue 80, Feb–Mar 2025.

24. Mu’ayyad Fahim Mohsen & Sabtain Mahmoud Hassan, “The Role of Civil Society Organizations in the Democratic Transition in Iraq after 2003,” Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Human Sciences, Vol. 82, Issue 8, Special Issue 2025.

25. Nahrain Jawad Sharqi, “Democratic Peace and Liberal Peace: A Dialectic of Concepts and Purposes,” International Politics Journal, College of Political Science, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Issue 55, June 2023.

26. Youssef Radi Kazem Kat’a & Abdul-Jabbar Kareem Abdul-Amir Tu’meh, “Strategic Challenges to Iraqi National Security after 2023,” Political File, Iraqi University, College of Law and Political Science Journal, Year 5, Issue 22, 2023.

Conferences, Seminars & Reports

1. Zaid al-Hafiz, The Conditions of Oil and Non-Oil States, Seminar on the Welfare State, Center for Arab Unity Studies, Beirut, 2006.

2. Sultan Jassim al-Nasrawi & Saadi Ahmed al-Moussawi, Public Services, Strategic Report of the Rafidain Center for Dialogue, Iraq, 2024.

3. Adel Abdul-Mahdi, The Rentier State as a Fundamental Barrier to Sustainable Development, Iraqi Economists Network, Proceedings of the First Economic Scientific Forum, Beirut, 30 March – 1 April 2013.

4. Towards a Renewed Social Contract, International Labour Conference, 112th Session, International Labour Office, Geneva, 2024