توجهات السياسة الخارجية الامريكية في عهدي دونالد تارمب وجو بايدن - نماذج مختارة

المؤلفون

  • م.م. محمود جمال فتحي جامعة النهرين - كلية العلوم السياسية المؤلف

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.64184/ajlps.V2.I3.Y2025.P991-1013.370

الكلمات المفتاحية:

السياسة الخارجية الأمريكية ، دونالد ترامب ، جو بايدن ، التحولات والتغييرات

الملخص

تتناول هذه الدراسة تحليل السياسات الرئاسية للولايات المتحدة الأمريكية خلال فترتي حكم كل من الرئيس دونالد ترامب والرئيس جو بايدن من خلال استعراض رؤى كل منهما في إدارة الدولة، والتعامل مع التحديات الداخلية والخارجية. وتركز الدراسة على الفروقات في النهج السياسي لكلا الرئيسين، مع الأخذ بعين الاعتبار العوامل المؤثرة في صنع القرار، سواء أكانت داخلية أم خارجية كالمتغيرات الإقليمية والدولية. كما تم التطرق إلى عدد من القضايا الدولية الحساسة، وفي مقدمتها البرنامج النووي الإيراني والعلاقات الأمريكية الإسرائيلية، مع مقارنة السياسات والقرارات التي تبناها كل رئيس حيال هذه الملفات.

المراجع

References

1. The Biden Administration's Foreign Policy: Intellectual Approaches and Main Features, Arab Center for Research and Policy Studies, Political Studies Unit, 2020.

2. Ahmed Mohamed Ibrahim Al-Aidi, American Political Decision-Making and the Psychology of the Head of State: A Comparative Study of Presidents Donald Trump and Joe Biden, Journal of Political and Economic Studies, Faculty of Political Science and Economics, Suez University, Egypt, 2024.

3. Laura Von Danieis, Economy and National Security: US Foreign Economic Policy Under Trump and Biden, Stiftute Wissenschaff and Politics, German Institute for International and Security Affairs, Berlin, June 2024. 4. STEVEN WEBSTER, FRACTURED DOMESTIC POLITICS HAMSTRINGS US FOREGN POLICY, 2022, WWW.EASTASIAFORUM.ORG

5. THOMAS CAROTHERS AND FRANCES BROMN, DEMOCRACY POLICY UNDRR BIDEN: CONFRMTING A CHANGED WORD,2024, WWW.CARNEGIEENDOWMENT.ORG

6. NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY, THE WHITE HOUSE, FERRUARY, 2015. WWW.BIT.LY/38WQT77

7. JOSEPH, BIDEN JR, WHY AMERICAN MUST LEAD AGAIN, FOREIGH A FAIRS- MARCH/2020/ WWW.FAM.AG/3BQCHFE

8. John Mearsheimer, Structural Realism, Collective Work: Theories of International Relations: Specialization and Diversity, translated by Rima Khadra, Arab Center for Research and Policy Studies, 1st edition, Doha, 2016.

9. Ali Fadhli, Biden's Foreign Policy: Integration and Conflict of Determinants, Al Jazeera Center for Studies, 2021, available at https://studies.aljazeera.net/ar/profile/1383

10. Rami Abdullah Abdulmohsen Abdulqader, American Foreign Policy under Joe Biden, Iranian Perspectives Journal, Issue 12, Arab Democratic Center, Berlin, 2021.

11. Salim Katea Ali, The Iranian Dimension in American Foreign Policy, International Studies Journal, Issue 60, Center for Strategic and International Studies, University of Baghdad, 2015.

12. Zeina Abdul Amir Abdul Hassan Ibrahim, American Foreign Policy towards Iran during Joe Biden's Presidency, Tikrit University Journal of Political Studies, 2022. 13. Khaled Hashem, Joe Biden's Middle East Policy: Between Idealism and Realism, Arab Center for Research and Policy Studies, Qatar, 2023.

14. The Biden Administration's Foreign Policy: Intellectual Approach and Main Features, Position Paper, Political Studies Unit, Arab Center for Research and Policy Studies, Qatar, 2022.

15. Donald J. Trump, Crippled America: How to Make America Great Again, Threshold Editions, Simon and Schuster, USA-New York, 2015.

9199

Ashur Journal of Legal and Political Sciences (AJLPS) ISSN:3005-3269 , Vol 2, No. 3, 2025, Pages: 991-1013 16. Nidal Fawaz Al-Aboud, The American Presidential Elections: Historical, Political, and

Constitutional Dimensions, Center for Arab Unity Studies, Beirut, 2017.

17. Sarmad Amin, The American Leadership Model for the New World Order, International Studies Journal, Center for International Studies, University of Baghdad, Issue 49, 2011.

18. Omar Ammar, The End of the American Century and the Beginning of the Eurasian Century: The Economic Belt and the Silk Road, Sama Publishing and Distribution House, Cairo, Egypt, 2018.

19. Sabah Abdul-Razzaq Kubba, President Barack Obama's Policy Towards Iraq, Al-Ahmadi Printing and Publishing Company, Baghdad, 2015. 20. Munim Sahi Al-Amara and Ali Muhammad Al-Rifai, "Variables Affecting the United States' Use of Soft Power After the Events of September 11, 2001," Political Issues Journal, Issue 42, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, 2015.

21. Azhar Abdullah Hassan, The Strategy of Employing Smart Power in American Foreign Policy After 2008, Tikrit Journal of Political Science, Issue 9, Volume 3, Tikrit University, Iraq, 2017.

22. Karrar Anwar Al-Badiri, China: The Rise of Power from the East, Hammurabi Center for Research and Strategic Studies, Beirut, Lebanon, 2016.

23. Hamid Shihab Ahmed and Zaidoun Salman, The Chinese Challenge to American Hegemony, Sama Publishing and Distribution, Cairo, Egypt, 2019.

24. Ibrahim Hardan Matar, Chinese Foreign Policy: Post-Reform Readings, Raed Printing and Publishing House, Baghdad, Iraq, 2018.

25. Kadhim Hashim Naama, The Arabian Gulf and the Security Dilemma and the New Strategic Triangle, Amna Publishing and Distribution House, Jordan, 2018.

26. Islam Ayadi, American Foreign Policy Towards the Palestinian Issue 2001-2018, Arab Democratic Center for Studies, Berlin, Germany. 27. Rami Zaki Ibrahim Al-Masri, American Mediation in the Settlement Process between the Palestinians and Israelis 1992-2017, Master's Thesis, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Al-Azhar University, Gaza, Palestine, 2019.

28. Ibrahim Yousef Obeid, Motives and Repercussions of the American Strategic Decision to Move the Embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem, Regional Studies Journal, University of Mosul, Issue 40, Volume 13, 2019.

29. Mohammed Jassim Mohammed, The International Factor and Political Stability in Iran after the US Withdrawal from the Nuclear Agreement, University of Karbala, Center for Strategic Studies, International Studies Journal, Issues 86-87, 2021.

التنزيلات

منشور

2026-04-23

كيفية الاقتباس

توجهات السياسة الخارجية الامريكية في عهدي دونالد تارمب وجو بايدن - نماذج مختارة. (2026). مجلة اشور للعلوم القانونية و السياسية تصدر عن الجمعية العراقية للعلوم القانونية, 2(3), 991-1013. https://doi.org/10.64184/ajlps.V2.I3.Y2025.P991-1013.370

المؤلفات المشابهة

21-26 من 26

يمكنك أيضاً إبدأ بحثاً متقدماً عن المشابهات لهذا المؤلَّف.