الاحكام الموضوعية لجريمة التزييف العميق ومعالجتها القانونية (دراسة مقارنة)
الكلمات المفتاحية:
تزييف عميق، نشأة ، صور جرمية، معالجة قانونية.الملخص
تعد جريمة التزييف العميق من اخطر الجرائم الرقمية المستحدثة التي ظهرت نتيجة تطور تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي، اذ تقع هذه الجريمة من خلال قيام الجاني بجمع البيانات والمعلومات الخاصة بالمجني عليه أو الشخص المستهدف، ومن ثم يتم العمل على انتاج واصطناع محتوى وهمي غير حقيقي باستخدام خوارزميات الذكاء الاصطناعي وهي التعلم الالي والتعلم العميق، وبعدها يتم نشره واظهاره للجميع على انه محتوى حقيقي، وان هذه الجريمة تتعلق بها مجموعة من الجرائم التي تمس الافراد من خلال التشهير بهم وابتزازهم، كما ان له الجريمة صور جريمة تقع على الاشخاص المعنوية كما هو الحال في جرائم الاحتيال التي وقعت على الشركات المالية، كما ان هذه الجريمة تمس الدول من أجل زعزعة الوضع الامني والسياسي والاقتصادي فيها، كما ان هذه الجريمة لم توجد نصوص قانونية تجرمها بصورة واضحة وصريحة، وهذا ما يتطلب ان تكون قوانين جنائية موضوعية واجرائية واضحة لمواجهة خطورتها وشدتها، كما يجب ان تكون هناك معاهدات واتفاقيات دولية بين الدول، لكونها من الجرائم العابرة للحدود، وعلية ان يكون هناك تبني للقوانين الموضوعية والاجرائية لمواجهتها والحد منها على المستوى الدولي والداخلي.
المراجع
The Holy Quran
First: Linguistic Dictionaries
1- Ashraf Saad Nakhl: Psychology of Children with Special Needs, Ibrahim Mustafa and Ahmed Hassan Al-Zayat, Al-Mu'jam Al-Wasit, Vol. 2, n.d., Dictionary of the Arabic Language, n.d., 1985, p. 560, Special Needs, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Jami'i, Cairo, 2013.
Second: Legal Books:
2- Amin Al-Quraiti Abdul Muttalib: Psychology of People with Special Needs and Their Education, 5th ed., Anglo-Egyptian Library, Cairo, 2012.
3- Hossam Al-Din Abdul Rahman Al-Ahmad, Legal Protection of the Rights of People with Special Needs, 1st ed. 1, Al-Halabi Legal Publications, Beirut, 2011.
4- Hussam Al-Din Abdul Rahman Al-Ahmad: Protection of the Rights of People with Special Needs in Gulf Systems and Legislation, 1st ed., Library of Law and Economics, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 1437 AH - 2016.
5- Hamoud Salem Al-Nawawi - Moein Shaheen Awni: Principles of Community-Based Rehabilitation, 1st ed., Dar Al-Shorouk for Publishing and Distribution, Jordan, 2009.
6- Khair Suleiman Shawaheen - Sahar Muhammad Ghraifat - Amal Abd Shanbour: Strategies for Dealing with People with Special Needs, 1st ed., Dar Al-Masirah for Publishing, Distribution, and Printing, Amman, Jordan, 2010.
7- Rafiq Hamid Zaid Al-Shamiri: The Rights of People with Special Needs According to the Provisions of Public International Law, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Jami'i, Alexandria, 2018.
8- Zaki Zaki Hussein Zidan: Sharia and Legal Protection for People with Special Needs, A Comparative Study between Islamic Jurisprudence and Positive Law, Dar Al-Kitab Al-Qanuni, Alexandria, 2009.
9- Zidan Ahmed Al-Saratwi - Abdul Aziz Al-Shakhs - Abdul Aziz Abdul Jabbar: Comprehensive Integration of People with Special Needs, 2nd ed., Dar Al-Kitab Al-Jami'i, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2006.
10- Al-Sayed Atiq: Legal Protection for People with Special Needs, Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya, Cairo, 2010.
11- Abdul Hafiz Muhammad Salama: Educational Technology for People with Special Needs, 1st ed., Wael Publishing House, Amman, Jordan, 2008.
12- Abdul Ghani Al-Yuzbaki: The Hearing Impaired and Global Technology, 1st ed., Dar Al-Kitab Al-Jami'i, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2002.
13- Ali Omar Ali Al-Misrati: The Legal System of Social Protection in Libyan Legislation, 1st ed., Al-Fadhil Publishing and Distribution, Benghazi, 2011.
14- Fathi Abdel Hamid Al-Dabaa: The Visually Impaired: A New Vision of Life and a Study of the Moral Dimension of the Human Personality, 1st ed., Al-Elm Wal-Eman Press for Publishing and Distribution, Desouk, 2007.
15- Karim Mahmoud Mohamed Ahmed: Criminal Protection for People with Special Needs: A Comparative Study, 1st ed., Dar Al-Fikr Al-Jami'i, Alexandria, 2015.
16- Mohamed Sami Abdel Sadek: The Rights of People with Special Needs: Between Reality and Law, Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya, Cairo, 2004.
17- Mahmoud Mustafa Younis: Procedural Protection of Human Rights in Procedural Law, Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya, Cairo, 2003.
18- Medhat Mohamed Abu El-Nasr: Physical Disability (Concept, Types, and Care Programs), 1st ed., Nile Arab Group, Cairo, 2004.
19- Ahmed Masoudan: Care for the Disabled and the Objectives of Their Social Integration Policy in Algeria from a Social Work Perspective, a thesis submitted for a PhD in Development Science, University of Mentouri Constantine, Algeria, 2006.
Third: University Theses and Dissertations
20- Zahra Sayoud: Legal Protection for the Disabled, Master's Thesis, Department of State and Public Institutions. University of Algiers 1, Faculty of Law, Algeria, 2014.
21- Sarah Arabaji - Radwan Mendil: Legal Protection for People with Special Needs in Algerian Legislation, Master's Thesis in Law, Specializing in Advanced Public Law, Belhadj Bouchaib University Center, Ain Temouchent, Algeria, 2017-2018.
22- Maryam Bouqroui: Criminal Protection for People with Special Needs, Master's Thesis, Specializing in Private Law and Criminal Sciences, Abdelrahman Mira University, Bejaia, Algeria, 2018.
23- Nasima Laalmi: Criminal Protection for People with Special Needs in Algerian Legislation and Some Comparative Legislation, Master's Thesis, Specializing in Criminal and Penal Policy, University of Larbi Tebessi, Tebessa, Algeria, 2016.
Fourth: Magazines and Periodicals:
1- Azhar Sabr Kazim - Dr. Walid Kazim Hussein: Legal Protection of the Right to Work for People with Disabilities, Lark Journal of Philosophy, Linguistics, and Social Sciences (Legal Research), Issue 35, dated October 1, 2019, Iraq, 2019.
2- Hussam Khalil Matar: "Legal Regulation of the Rights of People with Disabilities in Iraqi Legislation and the Extent of Its Conformity with International Standards," Al-Muhaqqiq Al-Hilli Journal of Legal and Political Sciences, College of Law, University of Babylon, Iraq, Issue 1, Year 9, 2017.
3- Abdullah Ali Abbou: "International Protection of the Rights of People with Disabilities," Tikrit University Journal of Legal and Political Sciences, Issue 16, Volume 4, 2012, Dar Al-Kutub wal-Watha'iq, Baghdad, Iraq. Fifth: Constitutions and Laws
1- The Constitution of the Republic of Iraq of 2005
2- The Constitution of the Republic of Egypt of 2014 (Amended)
3- The Iraqi Penal Code No. 111 of 1969 (Amended)
4- The Code of Criminal Procedure No. 23 of 1971 (Amended)
5- The Care of Persons with Disabilities and Special Needs Law No. (38) of 2013
6- The Egyptian Law on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities No. (10) of 2018
