لجان تقصي الحقائق وإمكانية مساءلة المجرمين دولياً في العراق: دراسة في الآليات القانونية والتحديات العملية.

1. Ali Hassan Muhammad. “Parliamentary Oversight in Democratic Systems: A Comparative Study,” Dar Al Nahda Al Arabiya, Cairo, 2018, p. 245.

2. Cassese Antonio. “International Criminal Law,” Oxford University Press, 3rd Edition, 2013, p. 156.

3. United Nations Report on Human Rights Violations in Iraq, Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, 2019.

4. Al-Shammari Ahmed Abdullah. “Parliamentary Investigation Committees: A Study in Comparative Constitutional Law,” Al-Halabi Legal Publications, Beirut, 2017, p. 89.

5. Al-Bayan Center for Studies and Planning Report, “Evaluation of the Performance of Parliamentary Investigation Committees in Iraq 2005-2018,” Baghdad, 2019.

6. The Iraqi Constitution of 2005, Article (61).

7. Ibid., Article (61/Second).

8. Ibid., Article (61/Fourth).

9. The Internal Regulations of the Iraqi Council of Representatives of 2007, Article (82).

10. The previous reference, Article (83).

11. The previous reference, Article (84).

12. The previous reference.

13. The previous reference.

14. Muhannad Nouri Al-Obaidi, “Parliamentary Oversight in Iraq: Reality and Challenges,” Journal of the College of Law, University of Baghdad, Issue 15, 2020, p. 78.

15. Ibid., p. 82.

16. The Working Guide of the Iraqi Council of Representatives, Third Edition, Baghdad, 2018, p. 156.

17. Ibid., p. 158.

18. Report of the Investigation Committee into the Abu Ghraib Prison Events, Iraqi Council of Representatives, 2006.

19. Ali Sadiq Al-Kaabi, “Parliamentary Investigation Committees in Iraq: An Applied Study,” Master’s Thesis, College of Law, Al-Nahrain University, 2019, p. 123.

20. Report of the Investigation Committee into the Fall of Mosul, Iraqi Council of Representatives, 2015.

21. Reports of the Various Investigation Committees, Archives of the Iraqi Council of Representatives, 2005–2021.

22. Reference No. 20, pp. 45–67.

23. Saad Naji Al-Jubouri, “The Effectiveness of Parliamentary Oversight in Iraq,” Al-Mustaqbal Al-Arabi Magazine, Issue 487, 2019, p. 234.

24. Ibid., p. 238.

25. Reference No. 5, p. 34.

26. Ibid., pp. 36-38.

27. Suhad Ali Al-Khafaji, “Politics and Parliamentary Investigation in Iraq,” a study published in the Journal of Political Studies, University of Baghdad, Issue 58, 2020, p. 145.

28. Ibid., p. 148.

29. Ibid., p. 152.

30. Ibid., p. 154.

31. Reference No. 14, p. 89.

32. Iraqi Constitution, Article (19).

33. Khaled Ibrahim Al-Samarrai, “Overlapping Jurisdictions in Iraq,” Al-Rafidain Journal of Law, Issue 67, 2018, p. 278.

34. Reference No. 20, pp. 89-92.

35. Reference No. 33, p. 285.

36. Reydams Luc. “Universal Jurisdiction: International and Municipal Legal Perspectives,” Oxford University Press, 2003, p. 102.

37. Human Rights Watch, “Iraq: State of the Evidence,” Report, 2004.

38. UN Commission of Inquiry on Syria, “They Came to Destroy: ISIS Crimes Against the Yazidis,” UN Document A/HRC/32/CRP.2, 2016.

39. Federal Prosecutor General of Germany, Press Release on ISIS Cases, 2019.

40. French Official Journal, Case of Iraqi Officials, 2018.

41. Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, Articles 5-8.

42. Schabas, William. “An Introduction to the International Criminal Court,” 5th Edition, Cambridge University Press, 2017, p. 189.

43. Rome Statute, Article 13(b).

44. UN Security Council Document S/2017/315, UK Draft Resolution on ISIS Crimes, 2017.

45. ICC Press Release, “Preliminary examination activities in various situations,” 2019.

46. UN Security Council Resolution 2379 (2017) on the establishment of UNITAD.

47. Ibid., paragraph 1.3 of the third paragraph, to the Security Council, UN Document S/2020/386, Report of the UNITAD Team, 2020.

48. Ibid., pp. 15-18.

49. Iraqi Constitution, Article 19 (First).

50. Ibid., Article 19 (Third and Fourth).

51. Iraqi High Criminal Tribunal Law of 2005, Article 11.

52. Hadi Naim, “The Iraqi High Criminal Tribunal: A Legal Study,” Dar Al Thaqafa Publishing, Amman, 2009, p. 156.

53. Iraqi Anti-Terrorism Law No. (13) of 2005, as amended.

54. Newton, Michael, and Scharf, Michael. “Enemy of the State: The Trial and Execution of Saddam Hussein,” St. Martin’s Press, 2008.

55. Ibid., pp. 234-267.

56. UN Assistance Mission for Iraq, “Human Rights Report on the Death Penalty in Iraq,” 2014.

57. Human Rights Watch, “Judging Dujail: The First Trial Before the Iraqi High Tribunal,” 2006.

58. Amnesty International Report on ISIS Trials in Iraq, 2019.

59. Ibid., pp. 23-27.

60. German International Crimes Code (Völkerstrafgesetzbuch), 2002.

61. Frankfurt Regional Court, Judgment in ISIS Case, 2019.

62. German Federal Prosecutor’s Office, Press Release on Iraqi ISIS Member, 2021.

63. Paris Court of Appeal, Ali Hassan al-Majid Case, 2018.

64. Kaleck, Wolfgang. “Universal Jurisdiction in Europe: Criminal Law and European Practice,” Journal of International Criminal Justice, Vol. 8, 2010.

65. Cryer, Robert et al. “An Introduction to International Criminal Law and Procedure,” 3rd Edition, Cambridge University Press, 2014, p. 145.

66. Tariq Harb. “International Crimes in Iraqi Law,” Journal of Law, University of Kufa, Issue 34, 2019, p. 167.

67. UN Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations to War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity, 1968.

68. Amer Abdul Fattah Al-Hashemi, “Iraqi Foreign Policy and International Justice,” Center for Strategic Studies, University of Baghdad, 2020, p. 189.

69. Ibid., pp. 195-201.

70. Akande, Dapo. “International Law Immunities and the International Criminal Court,” American Journal of International