الذكاء الاصطناعي بوصفه النفط الجديد

List of Sources and References

First / Books

1. Ibrahim, Khaled Mamdouh. (2022). The Legal Regulation of Artificial Intelligence. University Thought House.

2. Hassan, Kholoud Ta'ma. (2025). The Legal Personality of Artificial Intelligence: A Comparative Study [Master's Thesis, College of Law, University of Basra].

3. Al-Saidi, Lubna Abdul Hussein, & Al-Saadi, Jalil Hassan. (2025). Artificial Intelligence Law: Translation of the European Union Regulation issued on 26/1/2024. Modern Book Foundation.

4. Al-Obaidi, Ahmed Tariq Sadiq. (2024). Fundamentals and Techniques of Artificial Intelligence. Al-Thakira Publishing and Distribution House.

5. Al-Obaidi, Ahmed Tariq Sadiq. (2024). Fundamentals and Techniques of Artificial Intelligence. Al-Thakira Publishing and Distribution House.

6. Al-Wali, Abdullah Saeed Abdullah. (2021). Civil Liability for Damages from Artificial Intelligence Applications in UAE Law: A Comparative Analytical Study. Arab Renaissance House. Second/ Research and Studies

1. Al-Jard, Nour Allah Salah. (2024). Transformations in Healthcare in the Age of Artificial Intelligence. p. 201.

2. Al-Harthi, Abdul Rahman Ahmed, & Al-Daroubi, Ali Muhammad. (2025). Litigation Procedures Using Artificial Intelligence. p. 401.

3. Hassouni, Rahim. (2023). The Oil Industry in Iraq Between Local Investment and Licensing Rounds. Al-Dananeer Journal, Issue 3, p. 101.

4. Rashid, Maher Abdul Latif. (2024). Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare. p. 11 et seq.

5. Ali, Raghad Hussein. (2025). Artificial Intelligence Technology and Its Role in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals. Journal of Management and Economics, Volume 50, Issue 147, p. 67.

6. Fadl Allah, Haitham Rizq. (2025). The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing the Effectiveness of Cybersecurity. Journal of Specialized Studies, p. 1353.

7. Al-Qahtani, Ayed Ali. (2022). The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Achieving Sustainable Development within the Framework of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030. p. 116.

8. Al-Muslawi, Fatima Abdul Rahim. (2022). Methods of Settling Oil Contract Disputes. Al-Muhaqqiq Al-Hilli Journal of Legal and Political Sciences, Issue 1, p. 709.

9. Madawi, Muslim Abdul Qadir, & Al-Hakmi, Rana Bint Hamad. (2023). The Reality of Artificial Intelligence Applications in Public Education. p. 46.

Third: Laws and Agreements

1. European Parliament. (2023). Draft European Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act 2021–2024). Report A9-0188/2023, 14 June 2023.

2. UNESCO. (2021). Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence. P. 131.

Fourth: Foreign sources

1. Al-Areeshi, Z. M. (2025). Artificial Intelligence in education: A future vision.

2. Chan, G. C. Y., & Yap, M. (2021). Artificial Intelligence, Data, and Private Law. P. 181.

3. Chinta, S.V., et al. (2024). AI-driven healthcare: A review on ensuring fairness and mitigating bias.

4. DiMatteo, L.A., et al. (2022). The Cambridge Handbook of Artificial Intelligence. P. 26.

5. Joseph, J. (2025). Algorithmic bias in public health.

6. Kalai, M., Becha, H., & Helali, K. (2024). Effect of artificial intelligence on economic growth in European countries. Journal of Economic Structures.

7. Ng, K. W., et al. (2025). AI-driven robotic surgery In oncology.

8. Weiner, E. B., et al. (2024). Ethical challenges and evolving strategies In the integration of artificial intelligence into clinical practice.

9. Yuan, C., Tang, J., Cao, Y., Wei, T., & Shen, W. (2024). The impact of artificial intelligence on economic development. International Theory and Practice in Humanities and Social Sciences, p. 137.

Websites

4. CNBC. (2025). https://www-cnbc-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.cnbc.com/amp/2025/02/08/tech-megacaps-to-spend-more-than-300-billion-in-2025-to-win-in-ai.html?amp_gsa=1&amp_js_v=a9&usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#amp_tf=%D9%85%D9%86%20%251%24s&aoh=17708703594204&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2025%2F02%2F08%2Ftech-megacaps-to-spend-more-than-300-billion-in-2025-to-win-in-ai.html

5. illion in 2025 to https://m-investing-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/m.investing.com/analysis/the-applicationlayer-rotation-3-ai-pure-plays-poised-to-win-in-2026-200672513?ampMode=1&amp_gsa=1&amp_js_v=a9&usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#amp_tf=%D9%85%D9%86%20%251%24s&aoh=17708707851506&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.investing.com%2Fanalysis%2Fthe-applicationlayer-rotation-3-ai-pure-plays-poised-to-win-in-2026-200672513

6. Consortium. (2025). https://www.cutter.com/article/how-ai-rewiring-global-legal-systems

IndiaAI. (2025). https://indiaai.gov.in/article/smart-justice-exploring-the-role-of-ai-in-law