Judicial Review of Procedural and Formal Defects in Administrative Decisions

Authors

  • M.M .Dalyea Jassem Muhammd Kirkuk University/College OF Law And Political Science Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.64184/ajlps.V2.I3.Y2025.P790-820.147

Keywords:

Administrative judiciary, administrative oversight, legitimacy of decisions, individual rights, cancellation of decisions, compensation for damages

Abstract

Abstract
In contemporary times, the administration relies on the legal instrument of the administrative decision, which serves as a fundamental tool in the daily functioning of public administration with the aim of achieving the public interest. Beyond this role, the administrative decision also represents an expression of public authority. By its very nature, it is subject to annulment through judicial challenge, distinguishing it from other legal acts resorted to by the administration. Administrative courts play a crucial role in ensuring the legality of such decisions, both in terms of their form and the procedures followed in their issuance. This judicial scrutiny involves verifying the administration’s compliance with applicable laws and regulations, as well as safeguarding the rights granted to individuals under these legal frameworks. Moreover, administrative courts perform a vital corrective function by annulling unlawful decisions or granting compensation for damages caused by administrative actions. In doing so, they contribute significantly to reinforcing the principles of transparency and accountability by monitoring the legality of administrative procedures and ensuring that public authorities do not encroach upon individual or collective rights. Thus, administrative judiciary constitutes an essential mechanism of oversight over the administration. It strengthens a culture of respect for rights, consolidates the rule of law, and thereby promotes social and political stability within societies.

References

First: Books

1. Ahmed Khurshid Hamidi Al-Mafarji, Dr. Saddam Hussein Yassin Al-Obaidi, Al-Wajeez in Iraqi Administrative Judiciary, University of Kirkuk, College of Law and Political Science, 1st Edition, 2017.

2. Dr. Burhan Zreq, Theory of the Full Judicial Claim in the Administrative Decision, 1st Edition, 2017.

3. Dr. Suleiman Mohammed Tahawi, Administrative Judiciary and Its Supervision over the Administration's Actions (Comparative Study), Ain Shams University, Faculty of Law, 3rd Edition, 1961, p. 578.

4. Dr. Mohammed Rifaat Abdel-Wahab, Administrative Judiciary, Volume Two: Annulment Litigation, Compensation Litigation, and Procedural Principles, Faculty of Law, Beirut Arab University.

5. Ghazi Faisal Mahdi, Dr. Adnan Ajeel Ubaid, Administrative Judiciary: A Modern Legal Study Compared to the French, Egyptian, and Iraqi Systems, 4th Edition, 2020.

6. Majid Ragheb Al-Helou, Administrative Judiciary, Faculty of Law, Al-Mustansiriya University, 1995.

7. Mazen Lilo Radi, Administrative Judiciary: A Study of the Foundations and Principles of Administrative Judiciary in Iraq.

8. Mohammed Rifaat Abdel-Wahab, Administrative Judiciary, Volume Two: Annulment Litigation, Compensation Litigation, and Procedural Principles, Faculty of Law, Beirut Arab University, 1st Edition, 2005.

9. Mohammed Ali Jawad Kazem, Dr. Najib Khalaf Ahmed Al-Jubouri, Administrative Judiciary, Al-Mustansiriya University, Faculty of Law, 6th Edition, 2016.

10. Mohammed Ali Jawad Kazem, Dr. Najib Khalaf Ahmed Al-Jubouri, Administrative Judiciary, Al-Mustansiriya University, Faculty of Law, 6th Edition, 2016.

11. Mohammed Ali Jawad, Administrative Judiciary, Al-Mustansiriya University, Faculty of Law.

12. Najib Khalaf Ahmed, Mohammed Ali Jawad Kazem, Administrative Judiciary, 3rd Edition, According to the Fifth Amendment Law of the State Shura Council No. 17 of 2013.

13. Wissam Sabbar Al-Aani, Administrative Judiciary, Faculty of Law, University of Baghdad, Beirut, 2020.

Second: Journals and Periodicals

1. Ahmed Khurshid Al-Mafarji, Salim Saleh Mohammed, The Future of Administrative Judiciary in Light of the Fifth Amendment to the State Shura Council Law No. 17 of 2013, Vol. 4, Issue 14, 2015.

2. Hossam Al-Din Mohammed Morsi Marai, The Judge's Authority in Resolving Administrative Disputes, Journal of Legal and Economic Studies, Scientific Refereed Journal, Vol. 10, Issue 4, 2024.

3. Dawood Mohyi, Ali Abdul-Amir Mohsen Al-Jubouri, Annulment Litigation Applied to the Administration’s Refusal to Implement Judicial and Administrative Decisions, Babel Center Journal for Human Studies, Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025.

4. Thanoon Suleiman Younis, Methods of Correcting Administrative Decisions and Their Consequences, Middle East Journal of Legal and Jurisprudence Studies, Vol. 2, Issue 2, Published 2022.

5. Raedah Yassin Khudr, Implicit Judicial Oversight of Administrative Judiciary: A Comparative Study Between Lebanon and Iraq, Kufa Journal, Vol. 12, Issue 1/44, 2020.

6. Raedah Yassin Khudr, The Flaw of Personal Incompetence, Journal of the Faculty of Law and Political Science, Vol. 8, Issue 28, 2019.

7. Sakar Hussein Kaka Med, Rules of Estimating Compensation as a Sanction for Administrative Liability, Journal of the Faculty of Law and Political Science, Vol. 13, Issue 50, 2024.

8. Sami Hassan Najm, The Problem of Judicial Oversight Over the Silent Administrative Decision, Vol. 10, Issue 36, 2021, Independent Research, Master's Thesis by Mohammed Habibullah Fathallah Aziz.

9. Sayed Ali Reza Taba Jiabi, The Legal Framework for Annulment of the Administrative Decision by the Administrative Judge and the Effects of Annulment in Iraq and France, Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2023.

10. Shaaban Abdel-Hakim Abdel-Aleem Salamah, The Flaw of Form in the Administrative Decision: Analytical Comparative Study with the Egyptian State Council Provisions, Vol. 1, Issue 31, Faculty of Islamic and Arabic Policies for Girls, Alexandria.

11. Ali Mzaham Mohsen, Ali Mashhadi, Judicial Oversight of Government Decisions in Iraqi Administrative Law, Al-Iraqia University Journal, Vol. 73, Issue 4, 2025.

12. Qaidar Abdel-Qader, Hassan Talal, Lack of Complaint and Grounds of Challenge as Defenses Related to Annulment Litigation (Comparative Study), Al-Rafidain Journal of Law, Issued by the Faculty of Law, University of Mosul, Vol. 25, Issue 85, 2023.

13. Muhannad Saleh Alawi, Conditions for Accepting Annulment Litigation, Journal of the Faculty of Law and Political Science, Vol. 13, Issue 51, 2024.

14. Wissam Zaki Matani, Sanaa Mohammed Sadiq, The Administrative Decision and the Litigation of Appeal for Violating the Law, Al-Israa Journal of Social and Human Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 7, 2022.

Third: Theses and Dissertations

1. Bouneh Aqila, Form and Procedures in the Administrative Decision, Master's Thesis, University of Algiers – Faculty of Law, Ben Aknoun, 2012-2013.

2. Dalia Jasim Mohammed, The Role of Administrative Judiciary in Protecting Civil and Political Rights in Iraq (Comparative Study), Master's Thesis, University of Kirkuk – Faculty of Law and Political Science, 2017.

3. Zahraa Mazkor Mansour Al-Halqi, The Authority of the Administrative Judge in the Field of Administration (Comparative Study), Master's Thesis, University of Karbala – Faculty of Law, 2020.

4. Sherif Ahmed Youssef Baloosa, Annulment Litigation of the Administrative Decision: Analytical Comparative Study, Master's Thesis, Al-Azhar University – Gaza, 2010.

5. Ajeel Jalbi Bero, The Element of Form in Administrative Decisions: Comparative Study, Master's Thesis, Islamic University of Lebanon, 2017-2018.

6. Fiyan Hassan Abdullah Baban, Judicial Guarantees of Individuals’ Rights Against Administrative Decisions (Comparative Study) Under Administrative Judiciary, Koba School University – Faculty of Law and Administration, 2011, p. 50.

7. Majid Hamed Hamoud Saraf, The Interest Requirement and Jurisprudence in Annulment Litigation, Master's Thesis, Mansoura University – Faculty of Law, Public Law Department, 2016.

Fourth: Judicial Rulings and Decisions

1. Egyptian Supreme Administrative Court, Appeal No. (1369) for the Judicial Year 10, Session on 18/12/1965, Encyclopedia of Supreme Administrative Court Judgments in Fifty Years, Volume Four.

2. State Shura Council Judgment in Case (201/Discipline/2006), dated 7/5/2006, State Shura Council Decisions and Fatwas for 2006.

3. State Shura Council Decisions and Fatwas for 2007.

4. Administrative Judiciary Court Decision No. (112) on 4/3/1996 (Unpublished).

Fifth: Laws and Decrees

1. Fifth Amendment to the State Shura Council Law No. (17) of 2013.

2. State Shura Council Law – Second Amendment No. (106) of 1989.

3. Law of Discipline for State and Public Sector Employees No. (14) of 1991.

4. Civil Procedure Code No. (83) of 1969.

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Published

2025-09-01

How to Cite

Judicial Review of Procedural and Formal Defects in Administrative Decisions. (2025). Ashur Journal of Legal and Political Sciences Is Issued by the Iraqi Association of Legal Sciences, 2(3), 790-820. https://doi.org/10.64184/ajlps.V2.I3.Y2025.P790-820.147

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