التدخل التركي في العراق :طبيعة الاسباب والاهداف

List of Sources

The Holy Quran

First/Books

1. Abu Al-Khair, Mustafa, (2017) Contemporary International Law, Jordan: Dar Al-Jinan for Publishing and Distribution.

2. Musa, Abdul-Muttalib Abdul-Mahdi (2017), The Phenomenon of Political Violence in Iraq After 2003: A Study of the Causes and Ways of Confrontation, Jordan: Dar Al-Manhal.

3. Samir, Ammar Ali, (2012), Northern Iraq 1958-1975: A Political Study, Doha: Arab Center for Research and Policy Studies.

4. Al-Samarrai, Ibrahim, (2015), Iraq: The Arab Country Penetrated by Politicians 1914-2003, Amman: Al-Mu'taz for Publishing and Distribution.

5. Al-Jubouri, Firas Saleh Al-Jubouri, Al-Dulaimi, Muhammad Hamza, and Manhal Ilham Aqrawi, Turkish-Iranian Relations 1979-1989, (2014), Amman: Dar Ghayda for Publishing and Distribution. 6. Fakhoury, Jalal Zawad (1996), The Great Arab Revolt in Economic Balance 1916-1924: A Documentary Study, Iraq: Abboud Press.

7. Al-Kilani, Haitham, (1988) Turkey and the Arabs: A Study in Arab-Turkish Relations, (Abu Dhabi: Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research).

8. Kolugo, Orhan Kolugo, Al-Majzoub, Tariq, et al., (1995) Arab-Turkish Relations: A Future Dialogue, Beirut: Center for Arab Unity Studies.

Second: Journals and Periodicals

1. Obeid, Mona Hussein (2015), Iraqi-Turkish Relations and Their Impact on the Stability of Iraq, International Studies Journal, Issue 60, Iraq.

2. Ali, Ahmed Hassan, (2011), Iraq, Turkey, and the Challenges of National Security, Al-Baydar Center for Studies and Planning.

3. Tawfiq, Saad Haqqi, (2010), Iraq and the Policy of Good Neighborliness towards Turkey and Iraq, Journal of Political Science, Volume 1, Issue 41, University of Baghdad - College of Political Science, Iraq.

4. Al-Obeidi, Hassan Ali Khudair Al-Obeidi, (2022), Turkish Military Intervention in Northern Iraq 1991-1999 Objectives and Results, Journal of Historical and Cultural Studies, Volume 13, Issue 53, Tikrit University, College of Education, Iraq.

5. Al-Amiri, Ali Muhammad Hussein, (2013), Turkish-Iraqi Relations under the Justice and Development Party Government, Journal of Political Studies, Issue 25, Baghdad: Bayt al-Hikma.

6. Ali, Abdul-Munim Hadi, (2017), The Ilisu Dam and its Impact on Water Inflow to Iraq, Journal of the College of Basic Education for Educational and Human Sciences, Issue 32, Iraq: University of Babylon.

7. Bahnan, Hanna Azzo, (2007), The Kurdistan Workers' Party Issue and its Repercussions on Iraqi-Turkish Relations 1984-2007, Center for Regional Studies, Issue 12, Iraq.

8. Al-Zubaidi, Adnan Abdul-Amir Mahdi, (2023), Turkish and Iranian Military Intervention in Northern Iraq: Causes, Repercussions, and Options for Iraqi Political Decision-Makers, Al-Bayan Center for Studies and Planning. 9. J. Parker, Henry, (2005), Turkey and Iraq: Dangers (and Potential) of Neighborhood, United States Institute of Peace, 2005.

10. Thajbal, Adel Abdul Hamza and Elaf Rajih, (2016), Motives and Objectives of the Turkish Incursion and its Impact on Iraqi-Turkish Relations Options, Issue 43-44, Iraqi Political Issues Journal: Al-Nahrain University.

11. Al-Shammari, Al-Ta'i, Sami Muhammad Al-Shammari, and Muhammad Hazem Hamed, (2015), Turkey's Position on the Federalism of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, Tikrit Journal of Political and Legal Sciences, Volume 4, Issue 4, Iraq.

12. Mosulo, Fatih, (2019), The Strategy of Turkish Military Bases in Iraq, Turkish Vision Journal, Volume 8, Issue 4, (Center for Political, Economic, and Social Studies).

13. Al-Khaqani, Muhammad Karim, Problems of Turkish Military Intervention in Northern Iraq, Baghdad Center for Public Policy.

14. Zangana, Abdul Samad Rahim Karim, (2023), Turkish Intervention in Kurdistan in Light of International Law, Journal of Dijlah University College, Volume 1, Issue 1, Kirkuk: Al-Qalam University College.

15. Abdul Maqsoud, Ashwaq Ahmed Munaf, (2020), The Kurdistan Workers' Party and the Development of the Kurdish Question in Turkey, Journal of the Faculty of Arts, Issue 5, Beni Suef University.

16.Hamdoun, Afrah Nather Jassim Hamdoun, (2012), Iraqi-Turkish Relations in Light of the Strategic Security Cooperation Agreement, Journal of Regional Studies, Volume 9, Issue 27, Iraq.

17. The Turkish Presence in Northern Iraq and its Wide-Ranging Regional Effects, Al-Bayan Center for Strategic Studies, 2016.

Third: Theses and Dissertations

1. Muhammad, Farah Abdul Karim, (2014), "The Water Conflict between Iraq and Turkey (2003-2014)," Unpublished Master's Thesis, Middle East University, Faculty of Arts Sciences.

2. Al-Faily, Nadera Ahmed Abdul Wahab (2010), "Turkey's Regional Role in Iraq from 2002-2009," Unpublished Master's Thesis, University of Baghdad, College of Political Science.

Fourth: Internet Sources

1. Fawzila, Muhammad: "Features of Turkey's Use of Turkmen Minorities in Foreign Policy," Interregional Center for Strategic Analysis, 2021, at: https://www.interregional.com/%D8%AA%D8%, DateAccessed March 23, 2023.

2. Al-Hamid, Raed, Developments in the Turkish Military Presence in Iraq and its Potential Repercussions, Al Jazeera Center for Studies, 2015, at: https://studies.aljazeera.net/ar/reportl, accessed March 24, 2023.

3. Bakir, Ali Hussein, Turkey in Iraq: How Ankara Managed to Expand its Influence in Baghdad?, Al Jazeera Center, 2019, at: https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.aljazeera.net/amp/midan/rea, accessed April 4, 2023.

4. Knights, Michael, Turkey's War in Northern Iraq: By the Numbers, The Washington Institute for Strategic Studies, 2022, at: https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/ar/, accessed April 7, 2023. 5. Al-Nawab, Adel, "Bombing of Duhok: No Iraqi Approval to Expel the Kurdistan Workers' Party," Al-Araby Al-Jadeed Newspaper, accessed at: https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.alaraby.co.uk/po, accessed April 7, 2023.

6. "The Paths of Turkish Military Intervention in Iraq," Future Center, 2018, accessed at: https://futureuae.com/cart/Mainpage/Item/40, accessed April 10, 2023.

7. Agwan, Ali Bashar, "From the 1926 Treaty to the 2025 Protocol: How Iraq Concedes to Turkey on the Tigris and Euphrates Issue," 2025, accessed at: https://jummar.media/10545#:~:text=%D, accessed November 19, 2025.

8. Al-Jubouri, Adel, "The Turkish Presence in Iraq: Shocking Figures and Facts," Al-Mayadeen, 2022, accessed at: https://www.almayadeen.net/articles/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D, accessed April 11, 2023.

9. Mohammed, Ahmed, "Iraqi News Agency (INA) Unveils Implementation Mechanism for Water Framework between Iraq and Turkey, 2025," accessed at: https://channel8.com/english/news/47822?utm_source=chatgpt.com (January 12, 2026).

English Sources

1. Fatma Zehra Solmaz, "Turkey, Iraq Sign Financing Mechanism to Advance Water Cooperation Projects, 2025," accessed at: https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/turkiye-i (November 22, 2025).