تَأْثِيرُ الْعَوْلَمَةِ عَلَى "عُقُودِ التِّجَارَةِ الدَّوْلِيَّةِ في الدُّوَلِ النَّامِيَةِ"

First: Books, Printed Materials, and Dictionaries

1. Muhammad Badawi Ibrahim, The Impact of Globalization and the World Trade Organization on the Economies of Developing Countries, Cairo: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, First Edition, 2011, pp. 1–403.

2. Adel Al-Mahdi, The Globalization of the World Economic System and the World Trade Organization, Cairo: The Egyptian-Lebanese House, 2004, pp. 1–418.

3. Muhammad Abdul Rashid Ali, Globalization: International Trade Agreements and Their Impact on the Economies of Developing Countries – The Yemeni Case, Sana'a: Abadi Center for Studies and Publishing, 2004, pp. 1–259.

4. Iraqi Ministry of Finance, Globalization and the Role of the State in Developing Countries, Baghdad: Department of Studies and Planning, 2012, pp. 1–120.

5. Dar Al-Masirah, New Trends in International Trade in Light of Economic Globalization, Beirut, 2010, pp. 1–200. 6. Suhail Hussein Al-Fatlawi, Globalization and its Effects in the Arab World, Amman: Dar Al-Thaqafa for Publishing and Distribution, 2011, pp. 1–368.

7. Hafiza Al-Sayed Al-Haddad, A Summary of the General Theory of International Commercial Arbitration, Beirut: Al-Halabi Legal Publications, First Edition, 2004, p. 322.

Second: Articles and Studies

7. Dr. Mona Saber Fadel Hassan, Limiting the Incoming International Competition in Light of the Implementation of World Trade Organization Agreements (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Abu Bakr Belkaid University – Tlemcen, Algeria, 2020), pp. 268–276.

8. Abdul Razzaq Al-Sharqawi Shanouri, “The Iraqi Law of Obligations and Contracts: Commentary and Comparison,” in Comparative Arab Legal Studies, edited by Abdul Aziz Al-Qadi et al. (Cairo: Center for the Development of Law, 2005), pp. 247–248. 9. Ahmad Shahouri, 'Legislative Developments in Consumer Protection in Lebanon after Law 659/2005 and its Amendments to Law 265/2014', Master's Thesis, Faculty of Law, Lebanese University, 2016, pp. 145–158.

10. Rashid al-Haddad, 'A Comparison of International Trade Legislation: An Applied Study on Iraq and Lebanon', Dar al-Nahda al-Arabiya, Beirut, 2019, pp. 78–82.

11. Harbi, Muhammad Musa. 'Arab Economic Integration and the Challenges of Globalization'. Arab Economic Research Journal 9, No. 20 (June 2000): 47–82.

12. United Nations Information Service, Press Release, “Lebanon accedes to the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG),” Press Release No. UNIS/L/124, 25 November 2008.

13. Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) Report, “Lebanon’s Trade Policy in a New Development Era: An Analysis of Free Trade Agreements and Their Impact on the Lebanese Economy,” January 2023, pp. 36–38.

III. Agreements and Treaties

11. United Nations, United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) (Vienna, 11 April 1980; entered into force 1 January 1988), Official Journal of the United Nations, Vol. 1489, p. 3. Iraq signed it on 5 March 1990 and it entered into force domestically on 1 April 1991.

12. United Nations, United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (Vienna, 11 April 1980; ratified by Lebanon on 21 November 2008, and entered into force on 1 December 2009), Official Journal of the United Nations, Vol. 1489, p. 3.

13. United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods of 1980, United Nations Treaty Series 1489, Articles 14–18, pp. 20–24; Articles 66–70, pp. 85–90; Article 73, p. 95.

14. United Nations Treaty Office, Status of the Republic of Iraq's Accession to the CISG Convention, Accession 05/03/1990, Entry into force 01/04/1991, pp. 12–13.

15. United Nations Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (New York 1958), United Nations Treaty Series 330, Article 5, pp. 30–32.

Fourth: Laws and Legislation

16. Republic of Iraq, Law of Obligations and Contracts No. 40 of 1951, Official Gazette, No. 2030, 29 September 1951, pp. 1–2.

17. Republic of Lebanon, Legislative Decree No. 304 of 24 December 1942 concerning the Land Trade Code, Lebanese Official Gazette, No. 7 (7 April 1943), pp. 2–3. 18. Republic of Lebanon, Law No. 126 of March 29, 2019, amending certain provisions of Legislative Decree No. 304 of December 24, 1942, Lebanese Official Gazette, No. 18 (April 1, 2019), pp. 2–5.

19. Code of Obligations and Contracts issued by Legislative Decree No. 230 of 1932, Lebanese Official Gazette, No. 24 of February 4, 1932, p. 102.

20. Lebanese Consumer Protection Law No. 659 of 2005 – Official Arabic Translation (CYRILLA PDF), Definition of the Consumer, Parties, and Their Rights, pp. 1–50.

21. Lebanese Arbitration Law – PDF document on Scribd, including Chapter One on Arbitration and the Procedures to be Followed Domestically and Internationally, pp. 5–75. 22. Lebanese Consumer Protection Law No. 265 of 2014, Lebanese Official Gazette, Issue No. 45, September 12, 2014, Articles 97 and 108, pp. 23–24.

V. Legal and Intellectual Studies

23. Bernard M. Hoekman and Michel M. Kosticki, The Political Economy of the World Trade System: The World Trade Organization and Beyond, 2nd ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009), pp. 248–249.

24. J. H. Jackson and W. J. Davie, The Legal Problems of International Economic Relations, 5th ed. (St. Paul, MN: Thomson/West, 2012), pp. 134–136. 25. Peter van den Bosch and Werner Zedok, WTO Law and Policy (translated by Ahmed Ali), 1st ed. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013), pp. 181–183.

26. Gary B. Bourne, International Commercial Arbitration (2nd ed.; The Hague: Kluwer International Law Publishers, 2014), pp. 62–64.

27. Adrian Briggs, Conflict of Laws (9th ed.; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019), pp. 322–324.

28. M. B. Formstone, J. A. Golowis, and C. M. V. Clarkson, Contract Law: Cheshire, Fifet and Formstone (18th ed.; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021), pp. 517–522.

29. John H. Jackson, The World Trading System: Law and Politics in International Economic Relations, 3rd ed. (Cambridge: MIT Press, 2008), pp. 256–258.

30. Ewan McKendrick, Contract Law: Texts, Cases, and Materials, 8th ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018), pp. 678–680.

VI. Publications and Research

31. Arab Institute for International Trade (ICCI), Incoterms® 2020, translated by the International Chamber of Commerce, 2019, Part 1 (Definitions and Conditions), pp. 4–10. 32. "International Chamber of Commerce Arbitration Rules – Arabic Edition 2021, Articles 1–4 (General Rules), pp. 5–15; Annex VI (Urgent Procedures), pp. 80–84."

33. "United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL), Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration (1985, as last amended 2006), Articles 7–9, pp. 10–14."

34. "Jamil Muhammad Mustafa, Commentary on the 1980 Vienna Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya, Second Edition 2005, Chapter on the Formation of the Contract (Articles 14 and 18), pp. 45–60; Chapter on the Allocation of Risks (Articles 66–70), pp. 210–230; Liability for Breach (Article 73), pp. 245–250."

35. Mahmoud Abdel Aziz Khaled, International Trade Law and its Impact on the Legislation of Arab States, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, Cairo 2010, Chapter Three (Harmonizing National Legislation with International Agreements), pp. 112–130.

36 The International Trade Law Committee of the Arab Council, International Trade Treaties and Agreements: A Critical Analysis, Center for Arab Studies, 2018, Part Two (Enforcement and Arbitration Mechanisms), p. 78.