The future of unipolarity in the international system
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64184/ajlps.V3.I3.Y2026.p.87-110.338Keywords:
The international system, unipolarity, the United States of America, rising powers.Abstract
Unipolarity refers to a pattern in the international system in which power is concentrated in the hands of one state, as embodied by the United States of America, in contrast to rapid shifts towards a more open and interactive multipolarity. This shift allows for a diversity of alliance patterns according to interests and issues, and relatively limits the possibilities of escalation compared to the bipolar system, with the emergence of an influential role for mediating states in maintaining balances. In this context, American hegemony is based on integrated pillars that include military superiority, technological and knowledge leadership, and economic power, which enhances its ability to direct the course of the international system and influence its rules. However, this situation faces growing challenges with the rise of international powers such as China, the Russian Federation, and India, which opens the way for two scenarios: either the continuation of unipolarity due to the superiority of the United States, or its decline in favor of a multipolar system. The path remains dependent on the balance of power between the two sides.
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