Environmental Governance in Iraq. Challenges and Measures
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64184/ajlps.V2.I3.Y2025.P240-265.130Keywords:
Environmental governance, environmental legislation, environmental challenges, environmental awareness, water scarcity, marshland degradation, climate change.Abstract
This research aims to shed light on the reality of environmental governance in Iraq by analyzing the theoretical framework of this concept and its main principles, and by assessing the major challenges Iraq faces. The focus is placed on issues such as water scarcity, the deterioration of the marshlands, climate change, pollution, and weak environmental legislation. The study adopts a descriptive and analytical methodology based on updated environmental data and existing institutional practices, along with a review of the efforts of local and international environmental organizations operating in Iraq. The research indicates that environmental governance in Iraq still suffers from a lack of coordination among government institutions, overlapping authorities, and weak enforcement of environmental laws, despite the presence of some promising initiatives. Additionally, the lack of funding and low public awareness pose further obstacles to achieving sustainable development goals. The research proposes a set of measures to enhance environmental governance, including updating legislation, activating environmental monitoring, expanding civil society participation, and strengthening regional and international cooperation. It also highlights the importance of investing in environmental education and clean technologies. The study concludes that the success of environmental governance in Iraq requires serious political will and a comprehensive strategy that integrates the environment into all areas of development.
References
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