Penalties in US enclave law compared to French and Iraqi laws
Keywords:
compensation, punishment, civil law, America.Abstract
Penal compensation is still one of the modern topics, which has not been a fertile subject for research, especially since it constitutes a mere exception to the general provisions for compensation, or in other words for civil liability, whether contractual or tortious. Therefore, we intended in this research to highlight the basic elements of penal compensation, including: Then we will address this topic through two main axes, the first section being devoted to addressing the conceptual framework of punitive compensation. In terms of the first section, it was devoted to the nature of penal compensation and distinguishing it from the forms of compensation close to it. In the first requirement of this section, we discussed the definition of punitive compensation. As for the second requirement, it was devoted to distinguishing punitive compensation from other forms of compensation. While, in terms of the second topic, It has been devoted to research into estimating penal compensation, and here reliance is placed on the criterion of serious error and profitable error, and this is an issue of great privacy, as the case used to estimate the value of compensation given the size of the damage. We concluded with a conclusion for the research and a number of results and recommendations.
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