حجية التسجيلات الصوتية والمرئية في الإثبات امام القضاء الإداري (دراسة مقارنة مع التشريع الفرنسي والمصري)

Sources and References

First: Books

1. Abdel Amir, Ali Hassan. (2019). General Principles in Law and Administrative Justice. Arab Center for Publishing and Distribution.

2. Abdel Majeed, Ismat. (2012). Explanation of the Law of Evidence. Cairo: Al-Atak for Book Industry.

3. Al-Aboudi, Abbas. (2002). The Legal Authenticity of Scientific Progress Means in Civil Evidence. Amman: Dar Al-Thaqafa for Publishing.

4. Al-Haroub, Ahmed Azmi. (2010). Electronic Official Bonds: A Comparative Study. Amman: Dar Al-Thaqafa.

5. Al-Sanhuri, Ahmed Abdel Razzaq. (1997). Al-Waseet in Explaining Civil Law: Theory of Obligation (Part I). Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya.

6. Al-Shahawi, Qadri Abdel Fattah. (1997). The Police Legal Encyclopedia.

7. Al-Zarafy, Ali Neama Jawad. (2020). Informational Crime Affecting Private Life. Modern University Office.

8. Al-Zubaidi, Mahmoud Abdel Ali. (2021). The Role of the Administrative Judge in Balancing Administrative Authority and Litigants' Rights in Administrative Proceedings: A Comparative Study. Dar Al-Masalla for Printing and Publishing.

9. Jassim, Zainab Said. (2024). The Self-Conviction of the Administrative Judge: A Comparative Study. Egypt: Arab Center for Studies and Research.

10. Rushdi, Mohammed Al-Said. (2008). Contracting via Modern Communication Means and its Admissibility in Evidence. Alexandria: Mansha’at al-Ma’aref.

11. Said, Khalid. (2014). Evidence in Civil and Commercial Disputes: A Scientific and Practical Study in Light of Moroccan Law and the Judicial Jurisprudence of the Court of Cassation. Rabat: Dar Al-Salam for Printing and Publishing.

12. Said, Nabil Ibrahim. (n.d.). Evidence in Civil and Commercial Matters. Beirut: Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya for Printing and Publishing.

Second: Research & Journal Articles

1. Al-Ani, Hala Mahmoud Hamid. (n.d.). The Crime of Voice Recording and Monitoring or Wiretapping Telephone Conversations. Al-Majalla al-Qanuniyya (The Legal Journal): A Specialized Journal in Legal Studies and Research.

2. Al-Desouki, Saadiya Fathallah. (2024). A Jurisprudential Study on the Admissibility of Voice Recording as a Modern Method of Evidence. Al-Azhar University Journal, First Issue, No. 39.

Third: Theses and Dissertations

1. Jassim, Hussein Salem. (2024). Burden of Proof in Administrative Lawsuits: A Comparative Study (Master’s Thesis, College of Law, University of Kufa).

2. Mahmoud, Atheer Hamid. (2022). Scientific Development and its Impact on Civil Evidence Means (Master’s Thesis, College of Law, University of Baghdad).

3. Sawadi, Ahmed Salman. (2022). The Procedural Role of the Administrative Judge: A Comparative Study (Master’s Thesis, College of Law, University of Misan).

Fourth: Legislations

1. Egyptian State Council Law No. 47 of 1972, as amended.

2. Emirati Copyright and Neighboring Rights Law, Law No. 38 of 2021.

3. French Penal Code No. 92 of 1992, as amended.

4. Iraqi Civil Procedure Code No. 23 of 1971, as amended.

5. Iraqi Evidence Law No. 107 of 1979, as amended.

6. Iraqi State Council Law No. 65 of 1979, as amended.

7. Lebanese Civil Procedure Code No. 90 of 1983, as amended.

Fifth: Judicial Rulings

1. Iraqi Judicial Rulings

1. Supreme Administrative Court, Decision No. 3716/ Employee Justice/ Cassation/ 2024, issued on May 14, 2025 (Unpublished decision).

2. Supreme Administrative Court, Decision No. 3758/ Employee Justice/ Cassation/ 2024, issued on February 19, 2025 (Unpublished decision).

2. French Judicial Rulings

1- Administrative Court of Appeal of Marseille, No. 19MA04107, March 21, 2021. French Official Gazette. Retrieved from: www.legifrance.gouv.fr (Accessed: Oct 29, 2025).

2- Administrative Court of Paris - Second Chamber, No. 2110196, May 13, 2023. Retrieved from: pappers.fr (Accessed: Sept 17, 2025).

3- French Council of State (Conseil d'État) - Fourth Chamber, No. 424593, June 21, 2019. Retrieved from: legifrance.gouv.fr (Accessed: Sept 17, 2025).

3. Egyptian Judicial Rulings

1- Supreme Administrative Court, Appeal No. 13106 of Year 65 Q, Jan 16, 2021. Egyptian Judicial Rulings Portal: https://emj-eg.com/ (Accessed: Sept 5, 2025).

2- Supreme Administrative Court, Appeal No. 23187 of Year 60 Q, June 13, 2020. Egyptian Judicial Rulings Portal: https://emj-eg.com/ (Accessed: Sept 5, 2025).

3- Supreme Administrative Court, Appeal No. 36475 of Year 65 Q, Nov 21, 2020. Egyptian Judicial Rulings Portal: https://emj-eg.com/ (Accessed: Sept 5, 2025).

4- Supreme Administrative Court, Appeal No. 56150 of Year 69 Q, April 30, 2023. Egyptian Judicial Rulings Portal: https://emj-eg.com/ (Accessed: Sept 5, 2025).

Sixth: Websites

1. Wikipedia. (n.d.). Visual Recording (Video Recording). Retrieved from: https://ar.wikipedia.org (Accessed: Nov 2, 2025).

Seventh: Personal Interviews

1. Ghallan, Othman Salman. (Sept 25, 2025). Personal interview conducted by the researcher, State Council Headquarters, 8:40 AM.

2. Radi, Mazen Lilo. (Dec 21, 2025). Personal interview conducted by the researcher, State Council Headquarters, 10:00 AM.