من الأزمة إلى الاستشراف: ديناميات النظم السياسية والإدارة القانونية في العراق لعام 2026

References

First: Research and Studies

1. Ibrahim, Nawal Tariq. “Legal Aspects of Corruption and the Strategy for Combating It in Promoting Integrity Values.” Journal of the Rule of Law and Anti-Corruption Center, no. 1 (2019): 9.

2. Hamdi Al-Zuhairi, Omar Mahdi. “Oversight of Independent Bodies over the Non-Governmental Sector in Iraq.” Journal of Legal Sciences 40, no. 2 (2025): 558.

3. Hamza, Haider Sakr, Amir Sajit Madlul, and Amir Hussein Al-Ilhami. “The Impact of Strategic Planning on Crisis Management: An Analytical Study of the Opinions of a Sample of Personnel at the Crisis Management Center of the Iraqi Ministry of Interior.” Al-Kut Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences (2026).

4. Salama, Yasser Ali Ibrahim. “State-Building in Iraq: A Study of the Challenges and Strategies of State-Building.” Tikrit Journal for Humanities 25, no. 3 (2021): 6.

5. Ata, Ali Mohammed. “Governmental Means of Combating the Crime of Exploiting Parliamentary Status.” Journal of Humanities and Natural Sciences 6, no. 8 (2025): 866.

6. Ata, Yasser Mazhar Ahmed. “The Role of Government Institutions in Combating and Preventing Corruption.” Higher Commission for Human Rights, Department of Studies and Research, 2021, 11.

7. Al-Mafraji, Safaa Na‘ma Hawari, and Ayatullah Jalili. “Oversight of Independent Bodies over Financial Allocations in Public Works Contracts.” Kufa Journal, no. 62, College of Law (2026): 436.

8. Muhammad Salih, Nagham. “Political Pluralism in Iraq in the Absence of a Law.” Political Science Journal, College of Political Science, University of Baghdad, no. 43 (2023): 55.

Second : Reports and Documents

1. Republic of Iraq. Permanent Constitution of Iraq of 2005, Articles 102 and 103.

2. Republic of Iraq. Integrity and Illicit Gains Law No. 30 of 2011, as Amended.

3. Republic of Iraq. Law No. 24 of 2019 on the Abolition of the Offices of Inspectors General.

4. Federal Supreme Court of the Republic of Iraq. Decision No. 122/Federal/2022.

5. Jabbar, Sabreen Sattar. Difficult Balancing Policies: Iraq between Political Stalemate and the Pressures of Regional Axes. Bayan Center for Planning and Studies, 2026, 4–5.

6. Salama, Yasser Ali Ibrahim. “State-Building in Iraq: A Study of the Challenges and Strategies of State-Building.” Tikrit Journal for Humanities 25, no. 3 (2021): 6.

Third: Electronic Sources

1. Al-Ajoudi, Haider Abdul-Sattar. “Al-Mustaqbal Center Discusses the Future of Stability in Iraq in Light of Political Behavior in 2025.” Al-Nabaa Information Network, December 25, 2025.

https://www.annabaa.org/arabic/reports/44737

2. Abdul-Rahim, Hanan Mahmoud. “The Political Situation: Relative Stability and Continuing Challenges.” Al-Zawraa Iraqi Newspaper, March 28, 2026.

https://alzawraapaper.com/content.php?id=384806

3. Tariq Al-Shaab. “The Absence of a Strategic Vision in Managing Economic Crises: An Economy at the Mercy of Cris

Fourth : Foreign References

1. Ali, A. M. “Anti-Corruption Legal Management Framework in Iraq: Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Integrity Law.” Journal of Cultural Analysis and Social Change 10, no. 3 (2025): 442–449.

2. Arab Barometer. Iraq Country Report. 2024, 18.

https://www.arabbarometer.org/report/iraq-public-opinion-report-2024/

3. Arab Barometer. Iraq Public Opinion Report 2024. December 13, 2024.

https://www.arabbarometer.org/report/iraq-public-opinion-report-2024/

4. International Monetary Fund. “Iraq: 2025 Article IV Consultation—Press Release; Staff Report; and Informational Annex.” IMF Staff Country Reports, 2025, 4–5.

5. Mansour, Renad. “Exploring Iraq’s Key Accountability Mechanisms.” In Tackling Iraq’s Unaccountable State: A Networked Approach to Mobilizing Reformers. Chatham House, 2023.

https://www.chathamhouse.org/2023/12/tackling-iraqs-unaccountable-state/03-exploring-iraqs-key-accountability-mechanisms

6. Supreme Federal Court of Iraq. “Decision No. 122/Federal/2022.” 2022.

https://iraqfsc.iq/krarat/feden/122_fed_2022en.pdf

7. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). “Anti-Corruption and Arbitration in Iraq.”

https://www.undp.org/iraq/projects/anti-corruption-and-arbitration-iraq

8. World Bank. “Iraq: New US$930 Million Project to Extend and Modernize Railways, Promote Regional Connectivity and Boost Growth.” June 25, 2025.

https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2025/06/25/iraq-new-us-930-million-project-to-extend-and-modernize-railways-promote-regional-connectivity-and-boost-growth

9. Yousif, Bassam, Omar El-Joumayle, and Jehan Baban. “Exploring the Water-Energy-Food Nexus in Context of Conflict in Iraq.” Energy Nexus 11 (2023): 100233.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexus.2023.100233